Spontaneous Coronary Dissection Revealed by Ventricular Tachycardia in a Female Patient: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is an uncommon cause of acute coronary syndrome or sudden death, typically observed in patients with minimal atherosclerotic risk factors. A 53-year-old female patient presented to the emergency department with episodes of palpitations and sudden, intense chest pain radiating to the back. Following the chest pain, she experienced a brief loss of consciousness. The initial electrocardiogram (EKG) revealed a self-resolving episode of ventricular tachycardia. A transthoracic echocardiogram displayed enlarged ventricles with significant regional wall motion abnormalities and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Cardiac catheterization revealed an intimal dissection in the middle segment of the left anterior descending artery. The patient was managed conservatively and exhibited stable angiographic findings during a follow-up evaluation one month later.