Bi-Directional Communication Between Neurons and Astrocytes Modulates Spinal Motor Circuits

Broadhead, Matthew J. and Miles, Gareth B. (2020) Bi-Directional Communication Between Neurons and Astrocytes Modulates Spinal Motor Circuits. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 14. ISSN 1662-5102

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Abstract

Evidence suggests that astrocytes are not merely supportive cells in the nervous system but may actively participate in the control of neural circuits underlying cognition and behavior. In this study, we examined the role of astrocytes within the motor circuitry of the mammalian spinal cord. Pharmacogenetic manipulation of astrocytic activity in isolated spinal cord preparations obtained from neonatal mice revealed astrocyte-derived, adenosinergic modulation of the frequency of rhythmic output generated by the locomotor central pattern generator (CPG) network. Live Ca2+ imaging demonstrated increased activity in astrocytes during locomotor-related output and in response to the direct stimulation of spinal neurons. Finally, astrocytes were found to respond to neuronally-derived glutamate in a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) dependent manner, which in turn drives astrocytic modulation of the locomotor network. Our work identifies bi-directional signaling mechanisms between neurons and astrocytes underlying modulatory feedback control of motor circuits, which may act to constrain network output within optimal ranges for movement.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: STM Open Press > Medical Science
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email support@stmopenpress.com
Date Deposited: 24 May 2023 05:59
Last Modified: 21 Sep 2024 04:06
URI: http://journal.submissionpages.com/id/eprint/1338

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