Heavy-element Abundances in P-rich Stars: A New Site for the s -process?

Masseron, T. and García-Hernández, D. A. and Zamora, O. and Manchado, A. (2020) Heavy-element Abundances in P-rich Stars: A New Site for the s -process? The Astrophysical Journal, 904 (1). L1. ISSN 2041-8213

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Abstract

The recently discovered phosphorus-rich stars pose a challenge to stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis theory, as none of the existing models can explain their extremely peculiar chemical abundances pattern. Apart from the large phosphorus enhancement, such stars also show enhancement in other light (O, Mg, Si, and Al) and heavy (e.g., Ce) elements. We have obtained high-resolution optical spectra of two optically bright phosphorus-rich stars (including a new P-rich star), for which we have determined a larger number of elemental abundances (from C to Pb). We confirm the unusual light-element abundance pattern with very large enhancements of Mg, Si, Al, and P, and possibly some Cu enhancement, but the spectrum of the new P-rich star are the only ones to reveal some C(+N) enhancement. When compared to other appropriate metal-poor and neutron-capture enhanced stars, the two P-rich stars show heavy-element overabundances similar to low neutron density s-process nucleosynthesis, with high first-peak (Sr, Y, and Zr) and second-peak (Ba, La, Ce, and Nd) element enhancements (even some Pb enhancement in one star) and a negative [Rb/Sr] ratio. However, this s-process is distinct from the one occurring in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. The notable distinctions encompass larger [Ba/La] and lower Eu and Pb than their AGB counterparts. Our observations should guide stellar nucleosynthesis theoreticians and observers to identify the P-rich star progenitor, which represents a new site for s-process nucleosynthesis, with important implications for the chemical evolution of our Galaxy.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: STM Open Press > Physics and Astronomy
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email support@stmopenpress.com
Date Deposited: 17 May 2023 05:36
Last Modified: 26 Jul 2024 06:44
URI: http://journal.submissionpages.com/id/eprint/1287

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